Noted figure of the Harlem Renaissance, Arna Bontemps was a prolific writer of poems, children books and novels. Despite his occasional popularity (notably for "Black Thunder," 1936), he struggled to make a living and started to believe that it was futile for him to attempt to address his own generation, and chose to focus on younger and more progressive audiences.

All night they whine upon their ropes and boom against the dock with helpless prows: these little ships that are too worn for sailing front the wharf but do not rest at all. Tugging at the dim gray wharf they think no doubt of China and of bright Bombay, and they remember islands of the East, Formosa and the mountains of Japan. They think of cities ruined by the sea and they are restless, sleeping at the wharf. Tugging at the dim gray wharf they think no less of Africa. An east wind blows and salt spray sweeps the unattended decks. Shouts of dead men break upon the night. The c